Introduction
- The diseases caused by either the deficiency or excessive of hormones is known as endocrine diseases.
- The branch of medicine that studies the endocrine disorders is known as endocrinology.
The List of Endocrine Diseases
- The following table illustrates the endocrine diseases −
| Glucose Homeostasis Disorders | ||
|---|---|---|
| Diseases | Types | Result |
| Diabetes Mellitus | Type 1 Diabetes | Increases sugar levels |
| Type 2 Diabetes | ||
| Gestational Diabetes | ||
| Hypoglycemia | Idiopathic hypoglycemia | Decreases sugar level (below normal) |
| Insulinoma | ||
| Glucagonoma | Cause: Because of the overproduction of glucagon hormone | tumor of the pancreas |
| Thyroid Disorders | ||
| Goiter | Cause: deficiency of iodine | swelling of the neck or larynx |
| Hyperthyroidism (excessive production of thyroid hormone) | Graves-Basedow disease | Muscle weakness, sleeping problems, diarrhea, weight loss, etc. |
| Toxic multinodular goitre | ||
| Hypothyroidism | ||
| (low release of thyroid hormone) | Poor ability to tolerate cold, a feeling of tiredness, constipation, depression, and weight gain | |
| Thyroiditis | Hashimoto’s thyroiditis | Inflammation of the thyroid gland |
| Thyroid cancer | Nodule in the thyroid region of the neck | |
| Metabolic Bone Disease | ||
| Parathyroid gland disorders | Primary hyperparathyroidism | Alterations in the blood calcium levels and bone metabolism |
| Secondary hyperparathyroidism | ||
| Tertiary hyperparathyroidism | ||
| Hypoparathyroidism | ||
| Osteoporosis | Bone weakness | |
| Paget’s disease of bone | Weakening of bones | |
| Rickets and Osteomalacia | Child disease (because of vitamin D deficiency) | |
| Pituitary Gland Disorders | ||
| Diabetes insipidus | Excessive thirst and excretion of large amounts of severely dilute urine | |
| Hypopituitarism | ||
| Pituitary tumors | Pituitary adenomas | |
| Prolactinoma | ||
| Acromegaly | ||
| Cushing’s disease | ||
| Sex Hormone Disorders | ||
| Intersex disorders | Hermaphroditism | |
| Gonadal dysgenesis | ||
| Androgen insensitivity syndromes | ||
| Genetic and chromosomal disorders | Kallmann syndrome | |
| Klinefelter syndrome | ||
| Turner syndrome | ||
| Acquired disorders | Ovarian failure | |
| Testicular failure | ||
| Disorders of Puberty | Delayed puberty | |
| Precocious puberty | ||
| Menstrual function or fertility disorders | Amenorrhea | |
| Polycystic ovary syndrome | ||
Endocrine Diseases