Depending on the solvent, varnishes are classified into:
- Oil varnish: Linseed oil is used as the solvent in this type of varnish. They are obtained by adding amber and copal in linseed oil. They form a hard and durable surface even though they dry slowly. They are specially adopted for exposed works which require frequent cleaning.
- Turpentine: Turpentine is used as the solvent in this type of varnish. This varnish is quick drying but not resistant to weathering and, hence, it is used for interior work only. They possess light colours.
- Spirit varnish: Spirit varnish is also known as French varnish. Methylated spirits of wine are used as solvents in this type of varnish. This varnish is quick drying but not resistant to weathering. They are generally used for furniture. They are obtained in the desired colour by addition of the required pigment.
- Water varnish: Shellac is dissolved in hot water and enough quantity of ammonia or potash or soda is added so that the shellac is dissolved. They are used for delicate internal work.
TYPES OF VARNISHES