INTRODUCTION

The complex systems of living organisms encompass hundreds to thousands of proteins that exist help us to carry out our daily functions. The information required to manage this complex system is stored in a set of molecules called ‘nucleic acids’. The three most abundant biological macromolecules are ‘proteins’, ‘nucleic acids’ and ‘polysaccharides’. The information-carrying molecules ‘DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)’ and ‘RNA (ribonucleic acid)’ are the nucleic acids in biological systems; in addition, RNA molecules act as catalysts.