Guide To Learn
Construction consumes a huge fortune due to the high costs of labor and materials. That’s why a precise calculation of the cost is essential to avoid any losses. This accurate calculation will be based on an accurate calculation of the quantity of materials, including cement, sand, aggregate, and steel reinforcement, as well as an updated […]
What is Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity Testing? Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity (UPV) is an efficient non-destructive testing (NDT) technique for ensuring concrete material quality and identifying structural component damage. Traditionally, the UPV techniques have been employed for material quality control, primarily for homogeneous materials like metals and welded joints. The test is now commonly used to assess concrete materials because to recent […]
An antifreeze admixture is selected according to the design temperature at which concrete is supposed to harden. If the temperature rises above the design value or even becomes positive as the concrete is cured, its hardening will accelerate, and it will attain the design strength earlier than planned. It is not recommended to expose concrete that has been mixed with antifreeze […]
Dry Sieve Analysis of Fine and Coarse Aggregates Purpose of ASTM C136 This post describes the procedure of ASTM C136 to determine the particle size distribution of fine and coarse aggregates by sieving Why is ASTM C136 Important? This test provides a mean to control the quality of aggregates production, which are essential components in concrete and asphalt […]
What is Carbonation-induced Corrosion? Briefly, when calcium hydroxide in concrete combines with carbon dioxide from the air to generate calcium carbonate and lower the pH of the concrete, this process is known as carbonation-induced corrosion. Because of the compromised protective oxide layer on the embedded steel reinforcement caused by this lower pH, the structure may become weaker and […]
Concrete Repair Before getting into concrete repair, you should assess thoroughly the condition of concrete by visual inspection supplemented with other tests if necessary. A visual inspection of the structure, an assessment of corrosion activity, destructive and nondestructive testing, a review of laboratory results from chemical and petrographic analysis of concrete samples, a review of available test data, a review of […]
As the name implies, chloride-induced corrosion is a type of corrosion that occurs due to the existence of chloride ions so you can find it a lot in marine environments and structures where authorities apply de-icing salts to get rid of ice. Chloride-induced corrosion can hit parking structures, bridges, piers, and roads and so on. Authorities […]
When an area of steel is corroding under the influence of chloride contamination, steel is dissolving causing the formation of iron ‘ions’, tiny charged particles of iron. Simultaneously, electrons are released which flow along the bar and react at some point remote from the corrosion with both air and oxygen. Cathodic protection, which is discussed […]