Guide To Learn
Sand or the fine aggregates form an important constituent of concrete. It helps to increase the bulk or volume of concrete, which results in the reduction of cost. It helps in the adjustment of the strength of concrete by variation of its proportion with cement. It also increases the resistance to crushing. The aggregates reduce […]
16.3.1 Fine aggregate Fine aggregate is the inert or chemically inactive material, most of which passes through a 4.75 mm IS sieve and contains not more than 5 per cent coarser material. They may be classified as follows: The fine aggregates serve the purpose of filling all the open spaces in between the coarse particles. […]
The process of selection of relative proportions of cement, sand, coarse aggregate and water to obtain a concrete of desired quality is known as proportioning the concrete. There are various methods for determining the volumetric proportions of various components, like the arbitrary method, fineness modulus method, minimum voids method and maximum density method. The recommended […]
Cement concrete is a composite mixture that consists mainly of relatively inert mineral matter in the form of particles or fragments held together by a binding medium, which gives concrete its solidity and strength. Sand and stone chips or boulders are inert materials and a combination of Portland cement and water is the binder. The […]
Estimated Quantities of Materials Required Per Cubic Metre of Brickwork Assumption is that one cubic metre of brick masonry is made of 70 per cent bricks and 30 per cent mortar
15.6.1 Stretcher bond In this type of bond, all the bricks are laid with their length in the direction of the wall. The stretcher bond is useful for one-brick partition walls as there are no headers. This bond does not develop proper internal bond and it should not be used for walls having thickness greater […]
The types of brick masonry are as follows:
The bricks are obtained by moulding clay in rectangular blocks of uniform size and then by drying these blocks. They are of uniform size, light in weight and require no lifting appliances. The bricks are of various sizes. The actual size of a modular brick is 19 cm × 9 cm × 9 cm. With […]
Based on the arrangement of stones in the construction and the degree of refinement in the surface finish, the stone masonry can be classified broadly into the following two categories: 15.3.1 Rubble masonry In this type of construction, stones of irregular sizes are used. The stones as obtained from the quarry are taken to be […]
It is the art of building a structure with stones. The selection of material depends on the following: Table Showing Different Stones Used for Different Purposes Purpose Stone used Heavy engineering works like dock, breakwater,lighthouse, bridges, etc. Granite and gneiss Buildings situated in industrial towns Granite and compact sandstone Pavements and railway Granite and […]